Absence of serotonin alters development, function of brain circuits
Researchers at Case Western Reserve
University School of Medicine have created the first complete model to
describe the role that serotonin plays in brain development and
structure. Serotonin, also called 5-hydroxytryptamine [5-HT], is an
important neuromodulator of brain development and the structure and
function of neuronal (nerve cell) circuits.
"Our goal in the project was to close the gap in knowledge that
exists on role of serotonin in the brain cortex, particularly as it
concerns brain circuitry, its electrical activity and function," said
Roberto Fernández Galán, PhD, Assistant Professor in the Department of
Neurosciences at Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine.
"For the first time, we can provide a complete description of an animal
model from genes to behavior--including at the level of neuronal network
activity, which has been ignored in most studies to date."
Dr. Galán and his team used high-density multi-electrode arrays in a
mouse model of serotonin deficiency to record and analyze neuronal
activity. The study supports the importance of the serotonin which is
specified and maintained by a specific gene, the Pet-1 gene -- for
normal functioning of the neurons, synapses and networks in the cortex,
as well as proper development of brain circuitry. Serotonin
abnormalities have been linked to autism and epilepsy, depression and
anxiety.
By more fully elucidating the role of serotonin in the brain,
this study may contribute to a better understanding of the development
or treatment of these conditions.
"By looking at the circuit level of the brain, we now have new
insight into how the brain becomes wired and sensitive to changing
serotonin levels." added Dr. Galán.
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